滾絲機操作規程
1、試車前的準備(bei)
首(shou)先打開(kai)電(dian)(dian)氣(qi)箱,檢(jian)查(cha)各個(ge)接(jie)線端子是(shi)(shi)否(fou)有松動現象(xiang),空氣(qi)開(kai)關是(shi)(shi)否(fou)合(he)好,手柄位置應該向上(shang),需要注意的是(shi)(shi),還(huan)應檢(jian)查(cha)各個(ge)部分電(dian)(dian)線是(shi)(shi)否(fou)完好,不應有破皮現象(xiang),如發(fa)現請及時更(geng)換。最后要檢(jian)查(cha)漏電(dian)(dian)保護器(qi)是(shi)(shi)否(fou)靈敏。
2、開機
合(he)上電源開(kai)關,面板上的指示燈亮,打開(kai)油泵(beng)電機,將(jiang)模(mo)式選擇開(kai)關扳在(zai)手動位置,按綠色(se)按鈕進(jin)(jin),滑動座應該(gai)前(qian)進(jin)(jin),若沒有動作,檢查液壓電機是(shi)否反轉。
3、模式選擇開關(guan)
1)轉換(huan)開(kai)(kai)關若扳(ban)在(zai)右側位置(zhi),則是自動(dong)(dong),由(you)時間(jian)繼(ji)電(dian)器(qi)調整進退速度,調整時間(jian)時應將開(kai)(kai)關扳(ban)在(zai)中間(jian)手動(dong)(dong)位置(zhi),調整好時間(jian)后(hou)(hou)再扳(ban)回自動(dong)(dong)。此(ci)時當踏下腳踏開(kai)(kai)關時滑動(dong)(dong)座(zuo)后(hou)(hou)退,(用于處理非正常情況,如工件(jian)沒(mei)放好等)。也(ye)可按急(ji)退按鈕使(shi)滑動(dong)(dong)座(zuo)后(hou)(hou)退。
2)轉(zhuan)換開(kai)(kai)關若扳(ban)在中間(jian)手動(dong)(dong)位置,按(an)(an)(an)下綠(lv)色(se)前(qian)(qian)進按(an)(an)(an)鈕,滑動(dong)(dong)座(zuo)前(qian)(qian)進,松開(kai)(kai)按(an)(an)(an)鈕,滑動(dong)(dong)座(zuo)停(ting)止動(dong)(dong)作(zuo),此時滑動(dong)(dong)座(zuo)也(ye)不前(qian)(qian)進退(tui)。按(an)(an)(an)下紅(hong)色(se)后(hou)退(tui)按(an)(an)(an)鈕,滑動(dong)(dong)座(zuo)后(hou)退(tui),松開(kai)(kai)按(an)(an)(an)鈕,滑動(dong)(dong)座(zuo)停(ting)止動(dong)(dong)作(zuo),此時滑動(dong)(dong)座(zuo)也(ye)不后(hou)退(tui)。 滑動(dong)(dong)座(zuo)停(ting)止動(dong)(dong)作(zuo)。這兩(liang)個按(an)(an)(an)鈕屬于電動(dong)(dong)按(an)(an)(an)鈕,用于調整滾絲輪。在自動(dong)(dong)模式下,這兩(liang)個按(an)(an)(an)鈕同樣(yang)起著(zhu)點(dian)動(dong)(dong)的(de)作(zuo)用。
3)轉(zhuan)換開(kai)(kai)(kai)關(guan)若扳在左側位置(zhi),則是手(shou)動(dong)(dong)模式(shi)(shi),此(ci)時(shi)踏(ta)下腳(jiao)踏(ta)開(kai)(kai)(kai)關(guan),滑動(dong)(dong)座前(qian)進,松(song)(song)開(kai)(kai)(kai)后退,與全(quan)自(zi)動(dong)(dong)時(shi)腳(jiao)踏(ta)開(kai)(kai)(kai)關(guan)的作用(yong)正好相反。在手(shou)動(dong)(dong)模式(shi)(shi)下,按下綠色(se)前(qian)進按鈕前(qian)進,而松(song)(song)開(kai)(kai)(kai)時(shi)則自(zi)動(dong)(dong)退回。
4、調整后退(tui)行程
后退(tui)行程的(de)調整是機床右側(ce)的(de)旋(xuan)鈕,后退(tui)行程過長效率低,過短(duan)會出(chu)現拿不(bu)出(chu)來的(de)現象(xiang),應(ying)該(gai)根據實際情況調整,同時要配合時間繼(ji)電器進行調整。
5、通(tong)絲角度(du)調(diao)整
1)左輪(lun)向上,右輪(lun)向下,正負角度一致。
2)角度不(bu)正確還需把左輪和右輪向大的(de)方(fang)向調整或小的(de)方(fang)向調整,即兩個接觸點(dian)錯誤(wu)必須(xu)一致。
3)調整(zheng)亂(luan)扣時,T型盤向(xiang)下旋轉(zhuan)(zhuan),或(huo)向(xiang)上旋轉(zhuan)(zhuan)
4)如果定絲輪(lun)兩根主軸都在0°上(shang)時,無需調試角(jiao)度,調整亂扣即(ji)可。
6、機床的調整與操作
1)、改(gai)變選(xuan)擇(ze)開關工作位(wei)置(zhi),可選(xuan)擇(ze)自動滾壓和腳踏模式滾壓以及(ji)手動模式。
A、自(zi)(zi)動(dong)循環(huan)模(mo)式:啟(qi)動(dong)液(ye)壓電(dian)機,將選擇開關扳至自(zi)(zi)動(dong),根據滾壓需要(yao)分(fen)別(bie)調整自(zi)(zi)動(dong)進滾壓時間(jian)和后退(tui)停歇時間(jian),這時,滑動(dong)座(zuo)在(zai)(zai)前進時間(jian)繼電(dian)器(qi)控制(zhi)的液(ye)壓力(li)作用下做進給運動(dong),滑動(dong)座(zuo)在(zai)(zai)停歇時間(jian)繼電(dian)器(qi)控制(zhi)下,做后退(tui)停歇運動(dong)。
B、腳(jiao)踏(ta)(ta)式(shi)循(xun)環模式(shi):將選(xuan)擇開(kai)關扳(ban)至腳(jiao)踏(ta)(ta)位置,這時時間繼電器停止工(gong)作,踏(ta)(ta)下(xia)腳(jiao)踏(ta)(ta)開(kai)關,滑動(dong)(dong)座在液壓壓力作用(yong)(yong)下(xia)做前進運動(dong)(dong),在完(wan)成工(gong)作滾壓后抬腳(jiao),滑動(dong)(dong)座在液壓壓力作用(yong)(yong)下(xia)退回。再踏(ta)(ta)下(xia)腳(jiao)踏(ta)(ta)開(kai)關工(gong)作,動(dong)(dong)作依次重復。
2)選(xuan)(xuan)擇滾(gun)輪(lun):滾(gun)輪(lun)選(xuan)(xuan)用時,能用窄(zhai)的(de)(de)(de)不用寬的(de)(de)(de),寬度應大于(yu)被加(jia)工螺(luo)紋的(de)(de)(de)長度。
3)工(gong)(gong)件支(zhi)(zhi)承座和支(zhi)(zhi)承塊的調整:工(gong)(gong)件支(zhi)(zhi)承座和支(zhi)(zhi)承塊是用(yong)來支(zhi)(zhi)承工(gong)(gong)件在滾絲(si)輪間的正(zheng)確位置(zhi)進(jin)行(xing)滾壓。
A、支(zhi)(zhi)承(cheng)座導軌面(mian)上的(de)徑向位(wei)置(zhi)調(diao)整(zheng),機(ji)床支(zhi)(zhi)承(cheng)座應在工(gong)件中(zhong)心位(wei)置(zhi),隨滾壓(ya)工(gong)件直徑的(de)變(bian)(bian)化,支(zhi)(zhi)承(cheng)座位(wei)置(zhi)也需(xu)要變(bian)(bian)化,調(diao)整(zheng)方(fang)法:松開兩個固(gu)定螺(luo)栓(shuan),將支(zhi)(zhi)承(cheng)座移(yi)到所需(xu)要的(de)位(wei)置(zhi),緊固(gu)螺(luo)栓(shuan)即可(ke)。
B、支(zhi)承(cheng)(cheng)塊(kuai)(kuai)的調(diao)整:支(zhi)承(cheng)(cheng)塊(kuai)(kuai)裝在(zai)支(zhi)承(cheng)(cheng)座上面,頂(ding)端焊有硬質(zhi)合(he)金(jin),松(song)開支(zhi)承(cheng)(cheng)塊(kuai)(kuai)緊(jin)固螺絲(si),在(zai)支(zhi)承(cheng)(cheng)塊(kuai)(kuai)底部增(zeng)減墊片來(lai)調(diao)整支(zhi)承(cheng)(cheng)塊(kuai)(kuai)高(gao)低(di),然后緊(jin)固螺絲(si),支(zhi)承(cheng)(cheng)塊(kuai)(kuai)高(gao)低(di)在(zai)滾壓過程中(zhong)起重要(yao)作(zuo)用。
C、支(zhi)承塊高度的選擇:高度取決于(yu)(yu)滾(gun)壓(ya)(ya)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)的規(gui)格,同時(shi)根據不同工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)材質,可(ke)以(yi)略微(wei)偏(pian)高或偏(pian)低。由此可(ke)分(fen)為兩種情況:一種是工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)中(zhong)(zhong)心稍(shao)低于(yu)(yu)滾(gun)絲(si)(si)輪(lun)中(zhong)(zhong)心,這種方式使(shi)滾(gun)壓(ya)(ya)過(guo)程中(zhong)(zhong)穩定性(xing)強,但(dan)支(zhi)承塊頂(ding)(ding)端容易磨(mo)(mo)損 螺紋,螺紋頂(ding)(ding)端容易刮掉。另一種是工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)中(zhong)(zhong)心稍(shao)高于(yu)(yu)滾(gun)絲(si)(si)輪(lun)中(zhong)(zhong)心,可(ke)以(yi)減輕(qing)支(zhi)承塊頂(ding)(ding)端磨(mo)(mo)損,滾(gun)壓(ya)(ya)螺紋頂(ding)(ding)端不被刮傷,但(dan)在滾(gun)壓(ya)(ya)過(guo)程中(zhong)(zhong),工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)容易上跳(tiao)而脫離滾(gun)壓(ya)(ya),在一般情況下對普通鋼、優質碳(tan)素(su)鋼和有色金屬工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian),可(ke)使(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)中(zhong)(zhong)心略高于(yu)(yu)滾(gun)絲(si)(si)輪(lun)中(zhong)(zhong)心,使(shi)用中(zhong)(zhong)應根據實際情況,以(yi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)不跳(tiao)不刮絲(si)(si)為目標。
4)、支承塊寬(kuan)度的(de)選擇(ze): 支承塊寬(kuan)度應(ying)以(yi)滾(gun)壓時(shi),滾(gun)絲輪不會與支承塊相碰為出發點,對(dui)M10以(yi)下規(gui)格(ge)的(de)工件(jian),應(ying)取接近于(yu)允(yun)(yun)許的(de)最大(da)寬(kuan)度,對(dui)于(yu)M10以(yi)上的(de)工件(jian),允(yun)(yun)許支承塊頂(ding)端寬(kuan)度較大(da),但也沒有必要超過18mm。
5)、滾(gun)絲輪(lun)牙位調整:(常見牙位調整有兩種方法)
A、樣(yang)件(jian)對牙(ya)(ya)位法(fa):樣(yang)件(jian)對牙(ya)(ya)位法(fa)就(jiu)是借助螺絲樣(yang)件(jian)調(diao)整(zheng)兩滾(gun)(gun)輪(lun)的牙(ya)(ya)位位置,通過調(diao)整(zheng)動力分配(pei)箱上的滾(gun)(gun)輪(lun)牙(ya)(ya)位調(diao)整(zheng)整(zheng)盤,使(shi)(shi)一(yi)個滾(gun)(gun)絲輪(lun)單獨旋轉(zhuan),另一(yi)個滾(gun)(gun)絲輪(lun)不動,來錯過一(yi)個牙(ya)(ya)位,使(shi)(shi)兩滾(gun)(gun)絲輪(lun)牙(ya)(ya)位與樣(yang)件(jian)螺紋相符(fu)即可。
B、工(gong)作壓痕(hen)(hen)法(fa):啟(qi)動主電機使(shi)(shi)滾(gun)絲機轉動,啟(qi)動液壓電機把工(gong)件放(fang)到支承塊(kuai)上,踏(ta)下腳踏(ta)開關,使(shi)(shi)一個滾(gun)絲輪(lun)(lun)(lun)前移,兩滾(gun)絲輪(lun)(lun)(lun)擠住工(gong)件羅坯(pi),并隨滾(gun)絲輪(lun)(lun)(lun)一起(qi)(qi)轉動,使(shi)(shi)滾(gun)絲輪(lun)(lun)(lun)牙頂(ding)在羅坯(pi)上壓出印(yin)痕(hen)(hen)立(li)即抬起(qi)(qi)腳踏(ta)開關,取出壓有印(yin)痕(hen)(hen)的羅坯(pi),根據羅坯(pi)上的連(lian)接印(yin)痕(hen)(hen),調(diao)整滾(gun)絲輪(lun)(lun)(lun)牙位調(diao)整盤,使(shi)(shi)印(yin)痕(hen)(hen)連(lian)接成一條(tiao)連(lian)續(xu)螺旋線即可(ke)。
(注:樣件(jian)對(dui)牙(ya)法(fa)(fa)(fa)和工(gong)件(jian)壓(ya)痕法(fa)(fa)(fa)相比較(jiao),壓(ya)痕法(fa)(fa)(fa)比樣件(jian)對(dui)牙(ya)法(fa)(fa)(fa)精確度(du)高,使(shi)用于(yu)多種規格螺(luo)紋,缺點(dian)是比較(jiao)麻煩,必須(xu)有幾(ji)(ji)件(jian)至十幾(ji)(ji)件(jian)羅(luo)坯(pi),才可以調整完(wan)畢,樣件(jian)對(dui)牙(ya)法(fa)(fa)(fa)只需要有一(yi)個螺(luo)紋樣件(jian)即(ji)可,但精度(du)低,更不適于(yu)小螺(luo)距細(xi)工(gong)件(jian)的牙(ya)位調整。
6)機床液壓(ya)(ya)行(xing)程(cheng)的調整:液壓(ya)(ya)行(xing)程(cheng)包(bao)括:滾壓(ya)(ya)行(xing)程(cheng)、后退行(xing)程(cheng)
A、滾(gun)壓(ya)行程相當于(yu)螺(luo)(luo)紋的(de)牙形高度,其調(diao)整步驟是:a、啟動(dong)(dong)液壓(ya)電機,踏下(xia)腳(jiao)踏開關,使(shi)滑(hua)動(dong)(dong)座前滾(gun)絲輪(lun)進(jin)給(gei)到位,查看兩個滾(gun)輪(lun)之間距(ju)離,中心距(ju)不(bu)應低(di)于(yu)加工(gong)工(gong)件(jian)螺(luo)(luo)紋根(gen)徑,如(ru)果距(ju)離過(guo)(guo)(guo)大,則(ze)工(gong)件(jian)螺(luo)(luo)紋深(shen)度不(bu)夠,過(guo)(guo)(guo)小則(ze)機床滾(gun)壓(ya)吃力。b、如(ru)需調(diao)整,可(ke)搖動(dong)(dong)滑(hua)動(dong)(dong)座上(shang)的(de)行程手輪(lun),順時針方向(xiang)(xiang)旋(xuan)轉則(ze)向(xiang)(xiang)前移動(dong)(dong),逆時針方向(xiang)(xiang)旋(xuan)轉則(ze)向(xiang)(xiang)后移動(dong)(dong)。(注:滑(hua)動(dong)(dong)座進(jin)給(gei)速度直接調(diao)整節流閥旋(xuan)轉手柄(bing),以(yi)機床上(shang)所標方向(xiang)(xiang)調(diao)整快(kuai)(kuai)慢(man),過(guo)(guo)(guo)快(kuai)(kuai)容易使(shi)工(gong)件(jian)卡(ka)住,過(guo)(guo)(guo)慢(man)生產(chan)工(gong)作效率過(guo)(guo)(guo)低(di),小螺(luo)(luo)距(ju)可(ke)以(yi)調(diao)快(kuai)(kuai),大螺(luo)(luo)距(ju)則(ze)不(bu)可(ke)過(guo)(guo)(guo)快(kuai)(kuai)。
7)壓(ya)力(li)大小(xiao)的調(diao)整:直接旋轉溢流閥手柄即可,壓(ya)力(li)大時(shi)(shi)滾壓(ya)時(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)短,壓(ya)力(li)小(xiao)時(shi)(shi)滾壓(ya)時(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)長,壓(ya)力(li)過(guo)大容易損(sun)壞滾絲輪(lun),壓(ya)力(li)大小(xiao)應根據螺(luo)紋精度調(diao)整。(注(zhu):開始工(gong)作(zuo)前應反復踩腳踏開關,進行油缸排氣。
8)時(shi)間(jian)(jian)繼(ji)電器滾壓時(shi)間(jian)(jian)和后退時(shi)間(jian)(jian)的調(diao)整:液(ye)(ye)壓時(shi)間(jian)(jian)長短確定,是根(gen)據工件的機械(xie)性能、螺紋(wen)(wen)規格、螺紋(wen)(wen)精度(du)來調(diao)整的,對于硬(ying)度(du)較高(gao)(gao),精度(du)要(yao)求(qiu)高(gao)(gao)的螺紋(wen)(wen),應選(xuan)用較長的液(ye)(ye)壓時(shi)間(jian)(jian),否(fou)則被滾壓的螺紋(wen)(wen)工件中徑、外徑、內徑產生橢(tuo)圓(yuan),應根(gen)據實際情況(kuang)調(diao)整液(ye)(ye)壓時(shi)間(jian)(jian)。后退時(shi)間(jian)(jian)的調(diao)整是根(gen)據工人(ren)操作熟練程度(du)進行調(diao)整,調(diao)整時(shi)間(jian)(jian)繼(ji)電器上(shang)的數(shu)字按鈕,即可得到所要(yao)求(qiu)的前進時(shi)間(jian)(jian)和后退時(shi)間(jian)(jian)。
9)機床滾絲長度:滾絲長度可(ke)(ke)根據需要而定,一般情況下(xia)m6-m10可(ke)(ke)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)3m長,m12-m16可(ke)(ke)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)2m長,m16-m20可(ke)(ke)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)1m長
11、滾(gun)(gun)絲輪(lun)(lun)轉(zhuan)數(shu)的調整:機(ji)床有兩對交(jiao)換(huan)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)輪(lun)(lun),變換(huan)滾(gun)(gun)絲輪(lun)(lun)轉(zhuan)速(su),調整轉(zhuan)速(su)時,打開傳(chuan)動箱外的交(jiao)換(huan)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)輪(lun)(lun)箱,安裝齒(chi)(chi)(chi)輪(lun)(lun),選擇所需滾(gun)(gun)輪(lun)(lun)轉(zhuan)數(shu)(見交(jiao)換(huan)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)輪(lun)(lun)表)。
12、機床主(zhu)軸(zhou)傾(qing)斜(xie)角(jiao)(jiao)的調(diao)(diao)(diao)整(zheng):主(zhu)軸(zhou)角(jiao)(jiao)的調(diao)(diao)(diao)整(zheng)是以工件螺(luo)紋,螺(luo)旋角(jiao)(jiao)和軸(zhou)角(jiao)(jiao)調(diao)(diao)(diao)整(zheng)表相對應的值制作調(diao)(diao)(diao)整(zheng)棒或(huo)調(diao)(diao)(diao)整(zheng)塊(kuai)來(lai)調(diao)(diao)(diao)整(zheng)主(zhu)軸(zhou)的傾(qing)斜(xie)角(jiao)(jiao)度。調(diao)(diao)(diao)整(zheng)時先松(song)開輪臺傾(qing)斜(xie)角(jiao)(jiao)固(gu)定絲,將所需調(diao)(diao)(diao)整(zheng)棒或(huo)調(diao)(diao)(diao)整(zheng)塊(kuai)塞在(zai)0°為(wei)14的空隙內,按所需方(fang)向,向上(shang)調(diao)(diao)(diao)或(huo)向下調(diao)(diao)(diao),并與棒或(huo)塊(kuai)靠(kao)緊,最(zui)后(hou)將螺(luo)釘旋緊,取下調(diao)(diao)(diao)整(zheng)棒或(huo)塊(kuai)。
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